动名词

动名词的用法

a sleeping bag（区别：a sleeping boy 正在睡觉的男孩）

动名词复合结构

名词所有格和形容词性物主代词 + v-ing

• My father’s being ill worried us greatly.

动名词的复合结构作宾语时，可以用宾格代替所有格

• We like Tom’s (Tom) singing the English song.
• I’m quite certain about his/him keeping his promise.

动名词作主语

动名词和不定式作主语的区别：

• 动名词表抽象、表泛指；不定式表具体、表特指。
• Translating Chinese poems into English is hard.
• The Chinese poem is short; to put it into English is hard.

  带the用to do

it 作形式主语：将作真正主语的动名词放于句末

• It is no use / no good / not any good / a waste of time (money, energy) + doing sth.
• It is (well) worth / worthwhile / worth one’s while + doing sth.

动名词作宾语

it 作形式宾语：将充当真正宾语的动名词放于句末

• v. + it + no use / no good / a waste of time (money / energy) + doing
• 常用动词有：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take
• I think it no use arguing with him. (argue)
• Do you think it any use complaining to the sales manager about the inferior goods? (complain)

下列动词后跟动名词作宾语：

• admit (acknowledge / confess & deny)
• avoid
• appreciate (enjoy, dislike, detest, feel like)
• complete (finish)
• delay (postpone, put off, defer)
• excuse (forgive / pardon sb. for doing)
• escape
• endure (stand, tolerate, bear)
• imagine (fancy)
• involve（表示“需要”）
• mind
• miss
• practice
• risk
• suggest
• advise, allow, consider, encourage, permit, forbid, recommend + doing / + sb. to do sth.

下列词组后面跟动名词作宾语（注意介词 before, after, on doing sth.）：

• be opposed to / object to
• be accustomed to / be used to
• be addicted to
• admit to
• confess to
• devote oneself to
• get down to
• lead to = bring about = result in
• look forward to
• pay attention to
• prefer…to…
• stick to = insist on = persist in = persevere in
• when it comes to …
• end up
• give up
• be tired of = be bored with = be fed up with
• be fond of = be keen on
• be capable of
• be afraid of
• be proud of
• prevent / keep / stop … from …
• can’t help (resist) doing sth.
• be occupied / busy in
• think of (about)
• put off
• set about = set out to do sth.
• burst out = burst into sth. (laughter / tears)
• aim at
• feel like = would like to do sth.

下列句型后跟动名词：

• It’s no use / good / a waste of time… / worth doing……
• I don’t think it any use…doing sth. / What is the good (use) of doing……?
• There is no point (in) doing……
• have trouble / difficulty / a good (hard) time in doing…
• There is no joking / telling / denying / knowing that…
• What do you mean by sth. / doing sth.

既可带动名词又可带不定式的词：

动名词 (doing)	不定式 (to do)
hate / like / love / prefer doing sth.（习惯/抽象）	hate / like / love / prefer to do sth.（具体/一次性）
go on doing sth.（继续做同一件事）	go on to do sth.（接着做另一件事）
stop doing sth.（停止做某事）	stop to do sth.（停下来去做另一件事）
try doing sth.（尝试做某事）	try to do sth.（努力做某事）
remember doing sth.（记得做过某事）	remember to do sth.（记得要去做某事）
forget doing sth.（忘记做过某事）	forget to do sth.（忘记要去做某事）
mean doing sth.（意味着做某事）	mean to do sth.（打算做某事）
regret doing sth.（后悔做过某事）	regret to do sth.（遗憾要去做某事）

need, want, require, deserve + v-ing：主动形式表被动含义（be worth doing 也表示被动）

• The window needs cleaning. = The window needs to be cleaned.

be worth / worthy 的用法区分（表“值得……”）：

• be worth the price
• be worthy of praise / respect
• 表“值得被做”：be worth doing = be worthy to be done / be worthy of being done